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East Coast fever
East Coast fever (theileriosis) is a disease of cattle, sheep and goats caused by the protozoan parasite ''Theileria parva''. The term excludes diseases caused by other ''Theileria'', such as tropical theileriosis (also known as Mediterranean theileriosis), caused by ''T. annulata'', and human theileriosis, caused by ''T. microti''.
==Introduction==
East Coast fever is probably the most important livestock diseases in Africa,〔 causing an annual loss of 1.1 million cattle and $168 million in 1992. It is found in Sudan, South Africa, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Swaziland, Zimbabwe, Zambia, Tanzania, Kenya, and Uganda. The primary vector for ''T. parva'' is ''Rhipicephalus appendiculatus''.〔
''T. parva'' was first described in 1902 in Zimbabwe, but was misdiagnosed as redwater (a disease caused by ''Babesia bigemina'').
''Theileria'' species are the only eukaryotic organisms known to transform lymphocytes. The intermediate hosts for ''T. parva'' are cattle. The definitive hosts are the ticks. Native cattle are often resistant to the parasite, but not without symptoms. They are hosts to the parasite, but do not suffer as severely as foreign cattle.〔(International Livestock Research Institute )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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